Businesses may give a prompt payment discount to their customers who are on credit terms. For example, you may give a 10% discount to a customer if he pays within 30 days from the date of tax invoice. In such instances, GST is chargeable on the net price after the prompt payment discount (i.e. 90% of the selling price).
This treatment is applicable for all prompt payment discounts regardless of whether the customer takes up the discount offer or not.
However, the treatment is not applicable for payments by instalments.
Thursday, July 9, 2009
(GST) Difference between reimbursement and disbursement
Bottomline
Disbursement = No GST, Reimbursement = levy GST.
Reimbursement
The following diagram illustrates a typical reimbursement scenario:
Reimbursement
Supplier issues a tax invoice to company A.
Company A is legally responsible to pay supplier for the goods and services.
Company A re-bills company B for the goods and services
GST must be charged as it is viewed as a separate supply for GST purposes. This is commonly known as a reimbursement.
Disbursement
The following diagram illustrates a typical disbursement scenario:
Supplier issues a tax invoice to company B.
Company B is legally responsible to pay supplier for the goods and services.
Company A is merely paying on behalf of company B.
When Company A recovers this sum of money from company B, it can be treated as a disbursement, assuming all the conditions for disbursement are met.
Conditions for disbursements
Situation: You make payment on behalf of another party where supplier bills the other party.
The other party is responsible for paying the supplier;
The other party knows that the goods or services would be provided by that supplier;
The other party authorised you to make the payment on his behalf;
The other party is the recipient of the goods or services;
The payment is separately itemised when you invoice the other party;
You recover only the exact amount paid to the supplier; and
The goods or services paid for are clearly additional to the supplies you make to the other party.
If all the above conditions are met, this transaction is treated as a disbursement and no GST is chargeable. For disbursements, you cannot claim the input tax incurred for the original supply.
Some common disbursement examples:
A freight forwarding company makes payment for import duty and GST to Singapore Customs on behalf of their clients who are the owners of the imported goods. When the company re-bills the client for this payment, there is no GST chargeable.
A motor trader pays the insurance premium on the customer's behalf. When the motor trader re-bills the customer for the premium, there is no GST chargeable.
Disbursement = No GST, Reimbursement = levy GST.
Reimbursement
The following diagram illustrates a typical reimbursement scenario:
Reimbursement
Supplier issues a tax invoice to company A.
Company A is legally responsible to pay supplier for the goods and services.
Company A re-bills company B for the goods and services
GST must be charged as it is viewed as a separate supply for GST purposes. This is commonly known as a reimbursement.
Disbursement
The following diagram illustrates a typical disbursement scenario:
Supplier issues a tax invoice to company B.
Company B is legally responsible to pay supplier for the goods and services.
Company A is merely paying on behalf of company B.
When Company A recovers this sum of money from company B, it can be treated as a disbursement, assuming all the conditions for disbursement are met.
Conditions for disbursements
Situation: You make payment on behalf of another party where supplier bills the other party.
The other party is responsible for paying the supplier;
The other party knows that the goods or services would be provided by that supplier;
The other party authorised you to make the payment on his behalf;
The other party is the recipient of the goods or services;
The payment is separately itemised when you invoice the other party;
You recover only the exact amount paid to the supplier; and
The goods or services paid for are clearly additional to the supplies you make to the other party.
If all the above conditions are met, this transaction is treated as a disbursement and no GST is chargeable. For disbursements, you cannot claim the input tax incurred for the original supply.
Some common disbursement examples:
A freight forwarding company makes payment for import duty and GST to Singapore Customs on behalf of their clients who are the owners of the imported goods. When the company re-bills the client for this payment, there is no GST chargeable.
A motor trader pays the insurance premium on the customer's behalf. When the motor trader re-bills the customer for the premium, there is no GST chargeable.
Wednesday, July 8, 2009
(GST) TRANSFER FOR A CONSIDERATION OF “QUALIFYING DEDUCTIONS” ALLOWED UNDER THE INCOME TAX GROUP RELIEF SYSTEM
Background
For income tax purposes, with effect from the year of assessment (“YA”) 2003, a company (“transferor company”) belonging to a group may transfer any “qualifying deductions” to another company (“claimant company”) of the same group. “Qualifying deductions” under section 37C(14) of the Income Tax Act (“ITA”) refers to the current year unabsorbed capital allowances, current year unabsorbed trade losses and current year unabsorbed donations that may be transferred to be deducted against the assessable income of the claimant company under the income tax group relief system (“group relief system”).
Bottomline
The transaction should not attract GST, but if a registered trader paid input GST for the transferred deductions, it cannot offset the input GST suffered against output GST. Hence, it should not attract GST in the first place.
This is classified as a non-supply or excluded transaction.
Taxable Supply in the Course or Furtherance of Business
Section 8(1) of the Goods and Services Tax Act (“GST Act”) provides that GST shall be charged on any supply of goods or services made in Singapore where it is a taxable supply made by a taxable person in the course or furtherance of any business carried on by him.
Although the transfer of “qualifying deductions” is not a supply of goods, the transfer for consideration is a taxable supply of services under section 10(2)(b) of the GST Act. Section 10(2)(b) of the GST Act provides that anything which is not a supply of goods but is done for a consideration (including, if so done, the granting, assignment or surrender of any right) is a supply of services.
Furthermore, the transfer of “qualifying deductions” for consideration constitutes a supply in the furtherance of business under section 10(2)(b) of the GST Act. The “qualifying deductions” are assets of the transferor company and have a value as the “qualifying deductions” may be carried forward and used to be deducted against future profits of the company for income tax purposes. With the implementation of the group relief system, the “qualifying deductions” would still be of value when they are transferred out to another company in the same group for a consideration, to be used by the claimant company as a deduction against its own taxable profits. Thus, the transfer of “qualifying deductions” is no different from the transfer of any other business asset for a consideration. However, if the “qualifying deductions” are transferred without consideration, there will not be any supply for GST purposes because such transfers are not deemed to be a taxable supply under section 10(2)(b) of the GST Act.
In a situation where a company supplies services to another company and the latter transfers its “qualifying deductions” to the former in return for the services supplied, the amount of “qualifying deductions” transferred would be treated, for GST purposes, as non-monetary consideration for the services supplied and this non-monetary consideration would have to be valued for GST to be imposed on the consideration.
Deeming the Transfer of “Qualifying Deductions” to be neither a Supply of Goods nor a Supply of Services
Notwithstanding the above paragraphs and in order not to negate the original intended benefits of the group relief system, which is to encourage risk taking and enterprise, the Government has approved the deeming of the transfer of “qualifying deductions” under the group relief system to be neither a supply of goods nor a supply of services by way of ministerial order pursuant to section 10(3)(c) of the GST Act. The GST (Excluded Transactions) (Amendment) Order 2003 to provide for the above has been gazetted on 29 May 2003 and will apply on transfers of “qualifying deductions” made from the effective date of the group relief system. However, the deeming of the transfer of “qualifying deductions” to be neither a supply of goods nor a supply of services will not apply to situations mentioned in the preceding paragraph.
Input Tax Claim in respect of Transfer of “Qualifying Deductions”
Where the claimant company is a registered trader and incurs input tax for the purposes of acquiring the “qualifying deductions”, it will not be able to claim the input tax incurred against GST payable because the “qualifying deductions” are not used to make taxable supplies subsequently.
For income tax purposes, with effect from the year of assessment (“YA”) 2003, a company (“transferor company”) belonging to a group may transfer any “qualifying deductions” to another company (“claimant company”) of the same group. “Qualifying deductions” under section 37C(14) of the Income Tax Act (“ITA”) refers to the current year unabsorbed capital allowances, current year unabsorbed trade losses and current year unabsorbed donations that may be transferred to be deducted against the assessable income of the claimant company under the income tax group relief system (“group relief system”).
Bottomline
The transaction should not attract GST, but if a registered trader paid input GST for the transferred deductions, it cannot offset the input GST suffered against output GST. Hence, it should not attract GST in the first place.
This is classified as a non-supply or excluded transaction.
Taxable Supply in the Course or Furtherance of Business
Section 8(1) of the Goods and Services Tax Act (“GST Act”) provides that GST shall be charged on any supply of goods or services made in Singapore where it is a taxable supply made by a taxable person in the course or furtherance of any business carried on by him.
Although the transfer of “qualifying deductions” is not a supply of goods, the transfer for consideration is a taxable supply of services under section 10(2)(b) of the GST Act. Section 10(2)(b) of the GST Act provides that anything which is not a supply of goods but is done for a consideration (including, if so done, the granting, assignment or surrender of any right) is a supply of services.
Furthermore, the transfer of “qualifying deductions” for consideration constitutes a supply in the furtherance of business under section 10(2)(b) of the GST Act. The “qualifying deductions” are assets of the transferor company and have a value as the “qualifying deductions” may be carried forward and used to be deducted against future profits of the company for income tax purposes. With the implementation of the group relief system, the “qualifying deductions” would still be of value when they are transferred out to another company in the same group for a consideration, to be used by the claimant company as a deduction against its own taxable profits. Thus, the transfer of “qualifying deductions” is no different from the transfer of any other business asset for a consideration. However, if the “qualifying deductions” are transferred without consideration, there will not be any supply for GST purposes because such transfers are not deemed to be a taxable supply under section 10(2)(b) of the GST Act.
In a situation where a company supplies services to another company and the latter transfers its “qualifying deductions” to the former in return for the services supplied, the amount of “qualifying deductions” transferred would be treated, for GST purposes, as non-monetary consideration for the services supplied and this non-monetary consideration would have to be valued for GST to be imposed on the consideration.
Deeming the Transfer of “Qualifying Deductions” to be neither a Supply of Goods nor a Supply of Services
Notwithstanding the above paragraphs and in order not to negate the original intended benefits of the group relief system, which is to encourage risk taking and enterprise, the Government has approved the deeming of the transfer of “qualifying deductions” under the group relief system to be neither a supply of goods nor a supply of services by way of ministerial order pursuant to section 10(3)(c) of the GST Act. The GST (Excluded Transactions) (Amendment) Order 2003 to provide for the above has been gazetted on 29 May 2003 and will apply on transfers of “qualifying deductions” made from the effective date of the group relief system. However, the deeming of the transfer of “qualifying deductions” to be neither a supply of goods nor a supply of services will not apply to situations mentioned in the preceding paragraph.
Input Tax Claim in respect of Transfer of “Qualifying Deductions”
Where the claimant company is a registered trader and incurs input tax for the purposes of acquiring the “qualifying deductions”, it will not be able to claim the input tax incurred against GST payable because the “qualifying deductions” are not used to make taxable supplies subsequently.
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